Antibiotic Resistant Zoonotic Pathogens of Bovine Mastitis and Possible Agents of Foodborne Disease by Mary Garvey in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease
Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory reaction of the udder or mammary gland of the cow, following colonisation with microbial pathogens. Bovine mastitis results in significant economic losses globally, resultant from a reduction in milk yield and quality in addition to treatment costs and animal culling. The disease can exist asymptomatically in its sub-clinical form however, it can quickly manifest into a clinical state where the host, pathogen and environment are all intricately linked. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing among mastitis associated pathogens, in particular those pathogens found in the cow’s environment. Studies were conducted to determine the resistance of mastitis isolates to a range of antibiotic drug classes by use of the Kirby Bauer assay as described by EUCAST. Studies conducted also determine the antimicrobial capacity of four licensed veterinary antibiotics, marbofloxacin, penicillin-streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and three marketed teat antibiotic therapy agents on pathogens isolated from chronic cases of mastitis. Additionally, suspension tests were utilised to determine the ability of two biocidal solutions to provide high levels of bacterial cell death as required by European disinfectant requirements. Findings demonstrate activity of all tested products against pathogenic species however, multidrug resistance is evident for a broad range of antibiotic drug classes. Additionally, all strains possess heat resistance with some displaying increased antibiotic resistance post heat stressing. Novel biocide solutions tested for use in veterinary areas provided high levels of microbial inactivation for all test species. Findings suggest that peracetic acid and triameen may be suitable disinfectants for use in veterinary and farm areas, where all multidrug resistance species were susceptible to treatment including spores of B. cereus. Additionally, with the new European residual levels implemented for chlorine and quaternary based products the findings of this study suggest that peracetic aacid and triameen may offer alternative options for use at milk harvest.
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