Comparison of Fulminantly Fatal Bacteremias Due to Extensively-Drug Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Acinetobacter Baumannii in a Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit During an 8- Years’ Period_Crimson Publishers

Comparison of Fulminantly Fatal Bacteremias Due to Extensively-Drug Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Acinetobacter Baumannii in a Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit During an 8- Years’ Period by Maria Katsiari in  Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000565.php

Background: Infections due to extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria entail limited treatment options and high mortality and pose an important public health problem. Severe infection causes multiple organ dysfunction through complex mechanisms, which involve either the host, or the pathogenicity of the microorganism. The aims of the present study were the determination of potential risk factors of a fulminant fatal course of bacteremia caused by extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(XDR- Kp) and the comparison of fulminantly fatal bacteremias due to XDR-Kp versus XDR Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-Ab) strains within a 8-years’ period.

Methods: Patients with monomicrobial XDR-Kp (n=60) or XDR-Ab (n=87) bacteremias were divided into three groups, according to ICU outcome (survival, early or late death). Τhe clinical characteristics of patients along with pathogen and treatment-related factors were compared by ANOVA statistics and multinomial logistic regression.

Results: Patients with unfavorable outcome revealed higher disease severity at ICU admission and on bacteremia day. Administration of corticosteroids or renal replacement treatment on infection day was significantly higher in the fulminantly fatal group. Pathogens’ resistance pattern and appropriate treatment did not affect outcome. Fulminant bacteremias due to CR-Kp emerged significantly later during ICU hospitalization compared to XDR-Aba. Pathogens’ resistance pattern, regarding colistin and tigecycline, differed between XDR-Kp and XDR-Ab strains. Conclusions: Higher disease severity and administration of corticosteroids and renal replacement therapy posed patients at higher risk for fulminantly fatal course of CR-Kp bacteremia. Receipt of appropriate treatment did not affect outcome.

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Types of Microorganisms at Nosocomial Infections on the Surface of Laryngoscope Before Intubation at General Anesthesia by Asghar Karbord_Crimson Publishers

Types of Microorganisms at Nosocomial Infections on the Surface of Laryngoscope Before Intubation at General Anesthesia by Asghar Karbord in  Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000564.php

Introduction: Laryngoscope is using for endotracheal intubations. Inadequate decontamination of laryngoscope can develop nosocomial infections. If the blade isn’t disconnecting from laryngoscope after intubation can be transmit infections to handle. This study considering prevalence and types of bacteria isolated separately from laryngoscope blades and handles.

Method: This cross-sectional study was in the operating rooms of the educational and treatment center of Qazvin University of Medical Science in province Qazvin in Iran at 2018. 40 Laryngoscope blades and 40 laryngoscope handles were sampled after disinfection, with 4 methods disinfection: (1-Water, Povidon Iodine 7.5%, Ethanol 70%), (2-Water, Povidon Iodine 7.5%, Deconex (guaifenesin and phenylephrine 53 plus), (3-Water, Povidon Iodine 7.5%) and (4-Ethanol 70%)”. Samples were cultured on Mueller Hinton 5% sheep blood agar plate, MacConkey agar and Manitol salt agar. Inoculating plates were incubated at 37 ᵒC for 48 hours. Dominant microorganism and other growth bacteria identified comparatively.

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Candida Parapsilosis Sensu Stricto Can Act as a Pathobiont in Conditions of Oral Dysbiosis_Crimson Publishers

 Candida Parapsilosis Sensu Stricto Can Act as a Pathobiont in Conditions of Oral Dysbiosis by Rodríguez L in  Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000562.php

Recent publications have reported high prevalence of Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto in oral cavity niches. Our research group performed a pilot study in 2017 which showed that of the psilosis complex, Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto is the species most frequently isolated from oral cavity niches. Under inflammatory conditions, the probability of recovering it is almost four times higher, and it displays higher biofilm-forming capacity in-vitro, differing significantly from isolates of the same species obtained in conditions of eubiosis. This led us to hypothesize that an oral environment in dysbiosis overregulates virulent genes, promoting a more pathogenic phenotype. Accordingly, we decided to re-evaluate the in-vitro biofilm formation assay using a larger sample, under two nutritional conditions, using colorimetric methods for quantification. In addition, the results obtained were validated by imaging techniques. For both clinical conditions (eubiosis and dysbiosis), high biofilm forming phenotype predominated with both reading methods, and for both nutritional conditions tested. XTT showed significant difference between absorbance values for isolates from buccal dysbiosis and eubiosis (P=0.0025). Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto cells that colonize oral cavity niches are basically strong biofilm formers, regardless of in vitro growing conditions. However, the oral cavity in dysbiosis probably promotes virulence in this species due to inheritable epigenetic modifications.

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