Effect of Temperature and Growth Media on Mycelium Growth of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Ganoderma Lucidum Strains_Crimson Publishers

Effect of Temperature and Growth Media on Mycelium Growth of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Ganoderma Lucidum Strains by Ian Fletcher in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000549.php

The aims of the study are to identify an effective and versatile fungal strain for bioengineering mycelium composites. The influence of temperature and four different growth media on mycelium growth of two white rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus (Winter Oyster) and Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) were investigated in laboratory conditions. The results of the experiment indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) was the most suitable growth media for mycelium growth of fungal strains, P. ostreatus and G. lucidum. However, P. ostreatus was the better performing strain, with highest mean mycelium growth of 23.28cm, compared to G. lucidum at 9.03cm on PDA after 12 days of inoculation. Potato dextrose agar (23.28cm) and potato dextrose agar supplemented with yeast extract (14.74cm) were more favorable for mean radial mycelium growth of P. ostreatus, followed by sabouraud dextrose agar (9.85cm) and iron sulphite agar (8.35cm). The fungal strain, P. ostreatus obtained improved mycelium morphology on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with yeast extract and obtained cottony textured mycelium with good density and growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Iron sulphite agar (ISA) was least favourable growth media for mean radial mycelium growth and mycelium morphology. Fungal strain, G. lucidum only mycelium growth was obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) as a result of this study, was the least favourable fungal strain studied. Optimal temperature for mycelium growth for both fungal strains, P. ostreatus and G. lucidum was obtained at 22 °C.

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Zoonotic Viruses as a Risk Factor for Tumor Growth Initiation_Crimson Publishers

Zoonotic Viruses as a Risk Factor for Tumor Growth Initiation by Andrei Alimov in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000548.php

Numerous studies in the field of cancer biology prove that the development of any tumor goes through the stages of initiation, promotion and progression. The first genome-destabilizing event directs cells to the pathway of mutation accumulation, which ultimately leads to tumor development. Over the past decade, a large number of genome destabilizing factors were discovered. These include such as chemical mutagens, radiation, oncoviruses, insolation and the like. Animal viruses are among the least proven group of risk factors capable of initiating tumor growth. Skeptics argue that animal viruses do not penetrate the cells, and therefore do not initiate tumor growth [1]. Opponents of this statement give experimental data indicating the existence of more complex mechanisms of cancer initiation by zoonotic viruses.

Regular epidemiological observations indicate an increase in the number of cancer patients among food industry workers engaged in the primary processing of animal raw materials [2]. These studies are difficult to consider as a set of artifacts, since most of them were carried out on large samples in compliance with procedure of statistical data processing including control samples. In particular, long-term observations of poultry workers revealed higher incidence of lung cancer rather than in control sample. Sample size amount in this study is totals 30 411 people. Based on the calculations, the authors suggested that the observed effect has a biological nature and requires molecular confirmation.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients Attended to Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2017_Crimson Publishers

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients Attended to Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2017 by Mohammed HMN in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000543.php

Intestinal parasites comprise major health problems, especially in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. In developing countries, it is estimated that some 3.5billion people are affected, and that 450 million are ill as a result of these infections, the majority being children. Cross-sectional hospital-based study. It was conducted in Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State and aimed to estimate the distribution of Intestinal parasites among the patients in the study area. 120 stool samples were collected and analyzed by direct saline stool preparation and formal-ether Concentration Technique. Results showed that, 75(62.5%) stool samples were positive by the formal-ether Concentration Technique. While 55(45.8%) were positive by the direct saline stool preparation. Intestinal parasites were more prevalent among the male patients (65.7%) than the females (57.4%). Furthermore, they were more prevalent among the age group 5 to 10 years old (85%). The study concludes that Intestinal parasites were more prevalent among the male patients and among the age group 5to 10 years old. The study recommends using formal-ether Concentration Technique for diagnosis of Intestinal parasites.

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Happy New Year

 

New is the year, new are the hopes, new is the resolution, new are the spirits, and new are my warm wishes just for you. Have a promising and fulfilling New Year!

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Microbial Etiology of Cancer_Crimson Publishers

Microbial Etiology of Cancer by Mosab Nouraldein in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000542.php

Cancer is the sickness reasoned by an unrestrained division of atypical cells in a part of the body; these can consequence in tumours; damage to immune system; and other harm that can be lethal. Some forms of cancer result in noticeable growths named tumor; while others such as leukaemia; do not. The majorities of the body’s cells have specific roles and fixed life spans. Cell death is part of innate and advantageous phenomenon named apoptosis. A cell gets orders to die so that the body can substitute it with a newer cell that functions better. Cancerous cells are deficient in the constituents that order them to discontinue dividing and to die. Accordingly; they increase in the body using oxygen and nutrients that would regularly feed other cells. Cancerous cells can form tumours; damage the immune system and reason other alterations that stop the body from working on a regular basis.

Cancerous cells may emerge in one part; and then extend through the lymph nodes. Many microbial infections may lead to malignancies if left untreated such as Schistosoma haematobium which may lead to bladder carcinoma; Helicobacter pylori which may cause stomach cancer; Salmonella typhi may lead to gall bladder cancer; Chlamydophila pneumoniae which may lead to lung cancer; Escherichia coli and colon cancer; Streptococcus bovis and colorectal cancer and many viral infections may lead to cancer. I think that cancers occur due to microbial cause either due to infection with pathogenic microbe or due to eradication in number or by changing their normal habitat of normal microbial flora which play an important immunological and physiological role in the human body. Extensive studies about the relationship between microorganism and cancer must be conducted; certainly, the relation about the commensal bacteria and cancer.

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Happy Christmas

 

May this Christmas season bring you closer to all those that you treasure in your heart. Have a Merry Christmas and a Happy New year!

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Micro-Algal Bioproducts a Growing Universe_Crimson Publishers

 Micro-Algal Bioproducts a Growing Universe by Leonardo Brantes Bacellar Mendes in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000545.php

Cultivating microalgae from relatively simple chemical compounds and incident sunlight does not just require luck. It involves a great deal of scientific knowledge about the species chosen and the dynamic influences that biotic and abiotic factors exert on crop stability and productivity over extended periods of time. The consequences of the efforts employed in highly specialized labor and capital in general originate from the production of biomass obtained and its quality control. Microalgae biomass with high nutritional quality is usually destined to feed larvae used in aquaculture such as shrimp farming and to the nutraceutical market for human consumption.

In this context, the annual production of dry microalgae biomass in the world is around 20.000 tons / year, which is still little compared to the world production of agricultural products such as soybeans, sugar cane and corn that reach the levels of hundreds million tons per year.

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