Modeling with Hyperbolic Restrictions: The Nigerian Population Dynamics_Crimson Publishers

Modeling with Hyperbolic Restrictions: The Nigerian Population Dynamics by Oyamakin SO in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000552.php

Intercensal estimate is an estimate of population between official census dates with both census counts being known. This was observed for three cases using three growth models to determine the effectiveness of models in predicting correctly the census figure. Case 1 was the use of the 1963 population census result as the base year and 1991 population census result as the launch year. Case 2 was the use of the 1991 population census result as the base year and 2006 population census result as the launch year and case 3 was the use of the 1963 population census result as the base year and 2006 population census result as the launch year. The Nigeria population census figure for the year 1963, 1991 and 2006 were used for intercensal prediction while nonlinear estimation was applied on the data sourced online from 1955-2016 for model validation. A modified Hyperbolic Exponential Growth Model (HEGM) was used along with Exponential Growth Model (EGM) in predicting population figures and Mean Square Error (MSE), Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) were used to assess the suitability of the model on population prediction. Different values of shape parameter in the hyperbolic model were assumed to be small, moderate and high with ±0.1, ±0.5 and ±0.9 for Case 1, 2, and 3. HEGM gave the best intercensal estimate for the three cases and was preferred based on the AIC, BIC and MSE results with theta stabilized at ±0.1.

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The Relevance of Stability for Outdoor Crops_Crimson Publishers

The Relevance of Stability for Outdoor Crops by Leonardo Brantes Bacellar Mendes in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000551.php

Cultures of microorganisms in the laboratory are very important for obtaining experimental results able to provide theories and new scientific models that can generate profound impacts on the human population health and well-being. The development of vaccines and antibiotics very clearly explain the positive consequences of the experimental approach born in the laboratories and later developed as industrial scale up processes – penicillin is still the most used antibiotic on the planet since its discovery by Alexander Fleming in 1928.

Many advances in micro-algal biotechnology are also obtained due to the experimental efforts developed in the laboratory scale where the controlled conditions of the biotic and abiotic parameters can be provided and kept without variability always present in outdoor microalgae production systems designed and used today. When the target of the laboratory strains is a commercial production the scale-up may exceed the factor of 100.000 making the biotic and abiotic invariability hard to achieve affecting crop stability directly.

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Antibiotic Resistant Zoonotic Pathogens of Bovine Mastitis and Possible Agents of Foodborne Disease_Crimson Publishers

Antibiotic Resistant Zoonotic Pathogens of Bovine Mastitis and Possible Agents of Foodborne Disease by Mary Garvey in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000550.php

Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory reaction of the udder or mammary gland of the cow, following colonisation with microbial pathogens. Bovine mastitis results in significant economic losses globally, resultant from a reduction in milk yield and quality in addition to treatment costs and animal culling. The disease can exist asymptomatically in its sub-clinical form however, it can quickly manifest into a clinical state where the host, pathogen and environment are all intricately linked. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing among mastitis associated pathogens, in particular those pathogens found in the cow’s environment. Studies were conducted to determine the resistance of mastitis isolates to a range of antibiotic drug classes by use of the Kirby Bauer assay as described by EUCAST. Studies conducted also determine the antimicrobial capacity of four licensed veterinary antibiotics, marbofloxacin, penicillin-streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and three marketed teat antibiotic therapy agents on pathogens isolated from chronic cases of mastitis. Additionally, suspension tests were utilised to determine the ability of two biocidal solutions to provide high levels of bacterial cell death as required by European disinfectant requirements. Findings demonstrate activity of all tested products against pathogenic species however, multidrug resistance is evident for a broad range of antibiotic drug classes. Additionally, all strains possess heat resistance with some displaying increased antibiotic resistance post heat stressing. Novel biocide solutions tested for use in veterinary areas provided high levels of microbial inactivation for all test species. Findings suggest that peracetic acid and triameen may be suitable disinfectants for use in veterinary and farm areas, where all multidrug resistance species were susceptible to treatment including spores of B. cereus. Additionally, with the new European residual levels implemented for chlorine and quaternary based products the findings of this study suggest that peracetic aacid and triameen may offer alternative options for use at milk harvest.

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Effect of Temperature and Growth Media on Mycelium Growth of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Ganoderma Lucidum Strains_Crimson Publishers

Effect of Temperature and Growth Media on Mycelium Growth of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Ganoderma Lucidum Strains by Ian Fletcher in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000549.php

The aims of the study are to identify an effective and versatile fungal strain for bioengineering mycelium composites. The influence of temperature and four different growth media on mycelium growth of two white rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus (Winter Oyster) and Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) were investigated in laboratory conditions. The results of the experiment indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) was the most suitable growth media for mycelium growth of fungal strains, P. ostreatus and G. lucidum. However, P. ostreatus was the better performing strain, with highest mean mycelium growth of 23.28cm, compared to G. lucidum at 9.03cm on PDA after 12 days of inoculation. Potato dextrose agar (23.28cm) and potato dextrose agar supplemented with yeast extract (14.74cm) were more favorable for mean radial mycelium growth of P. ostreatus, followed by sabouraud dextrose agar (9.85cm) and iron sulphite agar (8.35cm). The fungal strain, P. ostreatus obtained improved mycelium morphology on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with yeast extract and obtained cottony textured mycelium with good density and growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Iron sulphite agar (ISA) was least favourable growth media for mean radial mycelium growth and mycelium morphology. Fungal strain, G. lucidum only mycelium growth was obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) as a result of this study, was the least favourable fungal strain studied. Optimal temperature for mycelium growth for both fungal strains, P. ostreatus and G. lucidum was obtained at 22 °C.

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Zoonotic Viruses as a Risk Factor for Tumor Growth Initiation_Crimson Publishers

Zoonotic Viruses as a Risk Factor for Tumor Growth Initiation by Andrei Alimov in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000548.php

Numerous studies in the field of cancer biology prove that the development of any tumor goes through the stages of initiation, promotion and progression. The first genome-destabilizing event directs cells to the pathway of mutation accumulation, which ultimately leads to tumor development. Over the past decade, a large number of genome destabilizing factors were discovered. These include such as chemical mutagens, radiation, oncoviruses, insolation and the like. Animal viruses are among the least proven group of risk factors capable of initiating tumor growth. Skeptics argue that animal viruses do not penetrate the cells, and therefore do not initiate tumor growth [1]. Opponents of this statement give experimental data indicating the existence of more complex mechanisms of cancer initiation by zoonotic viruses.

Regular epidemiological observations indicate an increase in the number of cancer patients among food industry workers engaged in the primary processing of animal raw materials [2]. These studies are difficult to consider as a set of artifacts, since most of them were carried out on large samples in compliance with procedure of statistical data processing including control samples. In particular, long-term observations of poultry workers revealed higher incidence of lung cancer rather than in control sample. Sample size amount in this study is totals 30 411 people. Based on the calculations, the authors suggested that the observed effect has a biological nature and requires molecular confirmation.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients Attended to Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2017_Crimson Publishers

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients Attended to Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2017 by Mohammed HMN in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000543.php

Intestinal parasites comprise major health problems, especially in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. In developing countries, it is estimated that some 3.5billion people are affected, and that 450 million are ill as a result of these infections, the majority being children. Cross-sectional hospital-based study. It was conducted in Alribat University hospital, Khartoum State and aimed to estimate the distribution of Intestinal parasites among the patients in the study area. 120 stool samples were collected and analyzed by direct saline stool preparation and formal-ether Concentration Technique. Results showed that, 75(62.5%) stool samples were positive by the formal-ether Concentration Technique. While 55(45.8%) were positive by the direct saline stool preparation. Intestinal parasites were more prevalent among the male patients (65.7%) than the females (57.4%). Furthermore, they were more prevalent among the age group 5 to 10 years old (85%). The study concludes that Intestinal parasites were more prevalent among the male patients and among the age group 5to 10 years old. The study recommends using formal-ether Concentration Technique for diagnosis of Intestinal parasites.

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Happy New Year

 

New is the year, new are the hopes, new is the resolution, new are the spirits, and new are my warm wishes just for you. Have a promising and fulfilling New Year!

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