Bioengineered Immunotherapy Techniques for the Treatment of Select Secondary Immunodeficiency Disorders_Crimson Publishers

Bioengineered Immunotherapy Techniques for the Treatment of Select Secondary Immunodeficiency Disorders by Alyssa T Dalloo in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000561.php

The inner workings of the immune system are quite complex. Each component works diligently in order to protect us from invaders such as pathogens: viruses, microbes, and fungi. Unfortunately, the immune system may become dysfunctional, which can result in secondary immunodeficiency diseases. The treatments available for these disorders and diseases of the immune system do not typically serve to cure, and much too often the side effects associated can exacerbate the conditions. As an alternative, the area of immunotherapy seeks to remedy the limitations of today’s medicine. Through this review, insight into the current conventional treatments available for select secondary immunodeficiency diseases will be provided, particularly in Human Immunodeficiency Virus disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. The modern immunotherapy approaches that are underway will then be analyzed in their capacity and potential to treat these defects of the immune system.

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Biotechnology and Its Simultaneous Evolution_Crimson Publishers

Biotechnology and Its Simultaneous Evolution by Leonardo Brantes Bacellar Mendes in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000560.php

Biotechnology is currently developing across borders rapidly and simultaneously. New equipment is continuously developed and refined to improve production processes and quality control associated with obtaining the most diverse bioproducts such as biosurfactants, natural dyes, antioxidants and antibiotics. There is no industrial biotechnological process that works generically and each requires particular solutions that can sustain a good scale up from scientific and technological points of view.

State-of-the-art centrifuges and decanters "taylor made" with high commercial value have a prominent place in unit operations for the separation of micro-organisms of interest or the culture medium containing bioproducts or only for clarification of the final product as in the industrial procurement of wine.

High-sensitivity flow cytometers with cellular recognition capability utilizing information on biochemical composition, shape and size help in screening and sorting out new strains of microorganisms to be grown for the discovery of promising new molecules (e.g. antivirals to fight HIV).

On the other hand, the huge variety of new newly synthesized reagents – molecular probes – has been assisting in the detection and quantification of target molecules "in situ", an extremely important fact for rapid evaluation and intervention throughout bioprocesses with short production cycles.

The company Life Technologies Corporation (Figure 1), recently acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific, has available in its catalog of molecular probes 35 reference standards for flow cytometry at the disposal of the international scientific community, in addition to other catalogs containing hundreds of other equipment, kits and reagents.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Female Sex Workers Living in Isfahan, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study_Crimson Publishers

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Female Sex Workers Living in Isfahan, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study by Somayeh Haghighipour in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000559.php

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) has been considered as a major health problem worldwide given the high incidence of the infection, estimated to be 131 million new cases annually. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of CT infection in female sex workers (FSWs) living in Isfahan, Iran and risks associated with its prevalence.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted on 99 FSWs recruited from two drop-in centers (DIC) in Isfahan during 2012-2014. The attendees were recruited consecutively. Vaginal, rectal, saliva and urine samples were tested for CT using Real-time PCR. The demographic data were gathered by face to face interview.

Results: Prevalence of Chlamydia infection was 20.2% (20/99). The number of people who had more than one sexual partner in the CT-positive group was significantly higher than CT-negative (P= 0.042). The percentage of women whose duration of intimate relationship lasted more than three years was higher in the Chlamydia-positive population compared to Chlamydia-negative (70% vs 35.4%, p=0.005). Furthermore, Chlamydia-negative and Chlamydia-positive FSWs differed from one another in the history of imprisonment (11.4 % in Chlamydia-negative vs 35% in Chlamydia-positive group, p=0.017).

Conclusion: The prevalence of CT infection was high among FSWs. Our findings showed that prison experience, the number of sexual partners and duration of intimate relationship were statistically significant among those affected by chlamydia infection.

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Re-Examining the Genetic Bottleneck: Atavistic Regression in Acquired Traits Affects the Outcome for Many Subspecies at the Allelic Level_Crimson Publishers

Re-Examining the Genetic Bottleneck: Atavistic Regression in Acquired Traits Affects the Outcome for Many Subspecies at the Allelic Level by Yosemite Sam in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000556.php

Genetic “bottlenecks” have long been understood to restrict the ability of a species to pass on its genetic traits to later generations. Such events occur when the numbers of one species are too small to pass on a full range of genes. Inevitably, an impoverished genome results, one that is prone to disease or to inbreeding. Now, however, a second effect of these bottlenecks is shown. Replication is the benthic standard for assessing genetic bottlenecks from wide stochastic studies. Unfortunately, this replication requirement may cause real genetic effects to be missed. A real result can fail to replicate for strategic reasons including benthic size or variability in strategic definitions across complex samples. In genomewide strategic studies the genetic allowances of polymorphisms may differ due to sampling error or population RNA. We hypothesize that some statistically significant benthic genetic effects may fail to replicate in an complex informational set when strategic frequencies differ and the functional polymorphism seems with one or more other diametric polymorphisms. To test this theory, we designed a simple study in which stochastic status grew by two interacting bottlenecks with data-irritability from 0.044 to 0.8 with dilatory sample sizes ranging from 400 to 1,700 individuals. We show that the need to replicate the united complex main effect of two polymorphisms can drop a little with a change of strategic distance of less than 0.1 at a semi-interacting polymorphism. We also show that differences in useful size can result in a reversal of meretricious effects where a benthic gene becomes a strategic factor in dilatory studies. Those stochastic data suggest that failure to replicate a complex bottleneck may provide strategic clues about the complexity of the underlying genetic sense. We think that morphisms that fail to replicate be checked for dilatory quirks with strategic units, particularly when taken from people with stochastic backgrounds or different geological regions.

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Comparison of Nigeria and Afghanistan in Terms of Diarrheal Disease_Crimson Publishers

Comparison of Nigeria and Afghanistan in Terms of Diarrheal Disease by İlker Etikan in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000555.php

Mortality rate is a very common term when it comes to discussing developing countries, because the rate of mortality which is also known as death rate is very high. Now this mortality rate is influenced by numerous factors, some of which are socio-economic or health related. It focuses on the health related issues that influence, high mortality rate in developing countries. Africa and Asia have a huge amount of the world’s developing countries, Due to the poor socioeconomic, infrastructural and life expectancy standards. It discusses a country from each continent, Nigeria and Afghanistan, their mortality rate due to health related issues. Focusing on diarrhea among infants in this countries.

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Happpy Easter_Crimson Publishers

Lavender plaid, pinks, and pastels everywhere, sun shining and blue skies… It’s almost like being on a golf course in South Florida! Happy Easter.

Response of Microbes Against Spice Extracts-A way to Cope with Antibiotic Resistance_Crimson Publishers

Response of Microbes Against Spice Extracts-A way to Cope with Antibiotic Resistance by Sahar S in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease

https://crimsonpublishers.com/cjmi/fulltext/CJMI.000554.php

Numerous cultures of microorganisms comprising fungi, gram negative and gram-positive bacteria were grown against spice extracts to investigate the antimicrobial properties of these extracts. The results disclosed that ceftriaxone antibiotic was found effective for Enterobacter aerogenes bacterial strains and gentamicin have inhibitory effects against soil bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, while fungal strains remained resistant against the antibiotics. Use of spice extracts showed that using chili and cumin results in the inhibition of Enterobacter aerogenes growth while soil borne bacteria can be controlled by cumin extract. Staphylococcus aureus remained impervious against any extract. The fungi Aspergillus Niger was positively controlled by the extract of cinnamon. Maximum antioxidant activity was recorded 0.57% in cinnamon, whereas phenolic contents regarding cumin red chili and cinnamon in methanol extract was recorded as 0.098%, 0.094% and 0.096% respectively. In case of flavonoid, data disclosed that in water extracts cumin had flavonoid contents about 0.63%, while in methanol extracts cinnamon and red chili had more flavonoid contents recording as 0.959% and 1.98% respectively. The biochemical analyses revealed that the higher phenolic and flavonoid contents along with antioxidant activity in cumin, red chilies and cinnamon may be the main reason behind sturdy inhibitory effect against microbes.

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